Learning outcomes:
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1.
Describe structure and
function of essential biological molecules (e.g., proteins, lipids,
carbohydrates) and metabolic & regulatory pathways.
2.
Prepare solutions and
buffers
3.
Detect bio-molecules in
various samples.
Theory:
Introduction to Biochemistry, pH & its importance, Buffer,
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, Carbohydrates: Introduction to
carbohydrates, Classification of carbohydrates, Glycosidic linkages &
Glycosides, Isomers, Optical activity & rotations, Chemical properties of
monosaccharides, structure and functions of important monosaccharide, Homopoly saccharide,
Heteropoly saccharides, Proteins: Introduction to Proteins,
Classification of proteins, Structure and Classification of amino acids,
Amphoteric properties of amino acids, concept of Isoelectric pH Peptide
Linkage, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary structure of proteins, Enzymes; General Characteristics and
classification of enzyme, Enzyme Kinetics Lipids: Introduction to
Lipids, structure & classification of fatty acids, nomenclature of fatty
acids, Physical properties of fatty acids and triglycerides, Chemical
Properties of fatty acids and triglycerides, Sterols and cholesterol,
Prostaglandin and their physical role, Carbohydrate metabolism:
Glycolysis, regulation, energy production, Kreb’s Cycle, regulation, energy
production, Electron Transport Chain, Pentose phosphate shunt, Gluconeogenesis,
Protein metabolism: Degradation of Proteins and amino acids, Urea cycle
and its importance, urea toxicity, Regulation of urea cycle, Bioenergetics of
protein metabolism, Lipid metabolism: Beta oxidation of even and odd
chain fatty acids, Biosynthesis of fatty acids, Biosynthesis of triglycerides,
Biosynthesis of Cholesterol, Biosynthesis of Ketone bodies, DNA metabolism: Biosynthesis
and Degradation of nucleic acids, Comparative features among animal species of
particular relevance, metabolism of mono-gastric and poly-gastric animals, and
comparison of metabolism of mono and poly-gastric animals.
Practical:
Preparation of solutions: Preparation of Percentage,
Molar and Normal solutions, Preparation of Buffer, Carbohydrate Analysis: Group
Identification Test, Identification of mono, di and polysaccharides,
Identification of reducing sugars, Identification of ketose sugar and their
confirmation by phenylhydrazine test, Identification scheme for carbohydrates,
Estimation of glucose in blood sample by glucose oxidase method, Estimation of
amino acids by spectrophotometry, Biuret Test and Ninhydrin Test, Precipitation
tests of proteins: Precipitation of casein at isoelectric point, salt
saturation tests, Serum protein fractionation by electrophoresis, Separation of
the colour pigments of Berseem/ alfa alfa by paper chromatography,
Identification of lipids, Salkowiski’s test
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